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Madam C. J. Walker
Sarah Breedlove (December 23, 1867 – May 25, 1919), known as Madam C. J. Walker, was an African American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and the first female self-made millionaire in America.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.madamewalker.net/History/tabid/537/Default.aspx )〕 She made her fortune by developing and marketing a line of beauty and hair products for black women under the company she founded, Madame C.J. Walker Manufacturing Company.
==Early life==
Sarah Breedlove was born on December 23, 1867 in Delta, Louisiana. She was one of six children; she had a sister, Louvenia, and four brothers: Alexander, James, Solomon, and Owen Jr. Her parents and elder siblings were enslaved people on Madison Parish plantation, owned by Robert W. Burney. She was the first child in her family born into freedom after the Emancipation Proclamation was signed. Her mother died, possibly from cholera, in 1872. Her father remarried and died shortly afterward. Sarah, orphaned at the age of seven, moved in with her older sister Louvenia and brother-in-law Willie Powell. At the age of 14, she married Moses McWilliams to escape Powell's mistreatment, and three years later her daughter, Lelia McWilliams, was born.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.indianahistory.org/our-collections/reference/notable-hoosiers/madam-c.j.-walker#.VPIQUlPF_0p )〕 When Sarah was 20, and Lelia was just 2 years old, Sarah's husband died. Shortly afterward Sarah moved to St. Louis, where three of her brothers lived. They were all barbers at a local barbershop. She managed to get a job as a washer woman. She barely earned more than a dollar a day but was determined to make enough money that her daughter would be able to receive a formal education.〔
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